DHCP

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Instalar, Configurar e Usar o DHCP
Criado por: Alessandro C. M. Kuramoto
Data: 31/01/2009
Modificado em: 28/02/2010-09:51
v.20100228-0951
Palavras-chaves: DHCP
Tags: DHCP

Por favor, matenham o nome do autor deste arquivo.

If you want to know something about this file, send an e-mail to me at the
sancmk@gmail.com or post a comment here (at the Word Press)

moshi kono fairu no koto wo shiteitakatara, boku ni email wo okutte kudasai,
matawa kono Word Press ni chuushaku mo shitte ii desu.
boku no email wa sancmk@gmail.com desu
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http://memovirtual.worpress.com

## Atenção no site memovirtual:
## As opções passadas com – - (menos,menos) no site podem ter ficado
## com um — (travessão), assim use o “man” para confirmar a opção utilizada

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# Ambiente:                                      #
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SO: Debian 4.0 Etch, Debian 5.0 Lenny

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# Conceitos:
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===============================================================================
Portas de Comunicação:
===============================================================================

O servidor de DHCP trabalha na porta UDP/67

O cliente de DHCP trabalha na porta UDP/68

Referência: CLL p. 382 (LPIC-1)

===============================================================================
Cliente DHCP:
===============================================================================

No Linux existem três tipos de clientes DHCP, mas o dhclient e o pump são os
mais comuns.

Referência: CLL p. 294 (LPIC-2)

|##########^ Conceitos #######################################################|

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# Instalar o DHCP:                                  #
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### Atualizando a lista de pacotes:
apt-get update

### Para instalar o servidor de DHCP:
## Debian 5.0:
apt-get install dhcp3-server

|##########^ Instalar o DHCP #################################################|

###############################################################################
# Arquivo de Configuração do DHCP:
###############################################################################

### Arquivo de configuração do Daemon do DHCP
/etc/default/dhcp

### Arquivo de configuração do servidor de DHCP
/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf

### Arquivo de configuração do cliente dhclient
/etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf

|##########^ Arquivo de Configuração do DHCP #################################|

###############################################################################
# Configurando o Servidor de DHCP:
###############################################################################

===============================================================================
Configuração Geral:
===============================================================================
_______________________________________________________________________________
SO: Debian 5.0 Lenny
Arquivo: /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf (Permissões: -rw-r–r– 1 root root)
——————————————————————
.
..
…

##### Configurações Globais

ddns-update-style none;

## Sufixo de domínio:
option domain-name “testdomain.net”;

## Servidores de DNS para a rede:
option domain-name-servers 10.161.1.4

## Tempo de empréstimo padrão de um IP por exemplo:
default-lease-time 600;

## Máximo de tempo de empréstimo de um IP por exemplo:
max-lease-time 7200;

# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
# Debian 5.0 – Descomente esta linha:
authoritative;

##### Configuração para uma Sub-rede (Subnet) específica:
# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
subnet 10.161.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 10.161.1.101 10.161.1.199;
#  option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;
#  option domain-name “internal.example.org”;
option routers 10.161.1.1;
#  option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;
#  default-lease-time 600;
#  max-lease-time 7200;
}

…
..
.

|———-^ Arquivo: /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf ———————————-|

|==========^ Configuração Geral ==============================================|

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Servidor de DHCP ####

===============================================================================
Configurar por qual interface distribuir IP:
===============================================================================

_______________________________________________________________________________
SO: Debian 5.0 Lenny
Arquivo: /etc/default/dhcp (Permissões: -rw-r–r– 1 root root)
——————————————————————
# Defaults for dhcp initscript
# sourced by /etc/init.d/dhcp
# installed at /etc/default/dhcp by the maintainer scripts

#
# This is a POSIX shell fragment
#

# On what interfaces should the DHCP server (dhcpd) serve DHCP requests?
#       Separate multiple interfaces with spaces, e.g. “eth0 eth1″.
INTERFACES=”eth1″

|———-^ Arquivo: /etc/default/dhcp ————————————–|

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Servidor de DHCP ####

|==========^ Configurar por qual interface distribuir IP =====================|

## Iniciando o serviço de DHCP:
/etc/init.d/dhcp3-server start

## Reiniciando o serviço de DHCP:
/etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart

## Parando o serviço de DHCP:
/etc/init.d/dhcp3-server stop

|##########^ Configurando o Servidor de DHCP #################################|

###############################################################################
# Cliente de DHCP:
###############################################################################

===============================================================================
Instalando os Clientes DHCP:
===============================================================================

## Instalando o pump:
apt-get install pump

## apt-get install dhcdbd

### Ou para instalar a versão 3 do cliente de DHCP:
apt-get install dhcp3-client

|==========^ Instalando os Clientes DHCP =====================================|

===============================================================================
Utilizando o Cliente DHCP (pump):
===============================================================================

## Para verificar o status:
pump –status

## Para visualizar o status de uma interface específica:
pump –status -i eth1

|==========^ Utilizando o Cliente DHCP (pump) ================================|

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Cliente de DHCP ####
===============================================================================
Utilizando o Cliente DHCP (dhclient):
===============================================================================

## Para solicitar IP em um interface específica:
dhclient eth1

## Para liberar o endereço IP (Similar ao ipconfig /release do Windows):
dhclient -r

## Para liberar o endereço IP de uma interface específica:
dhclient -r eth1

_______________________________________________________________________________
SO: Debian 5.0 Lenny
Arquivo: /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf (Permissões: -rw-r–r– 1 root root)
————————————————————————
.
..
…
### Para rejeitar a oferta de endereço IP de um determinado servidor de
### DHCP:
reject 172.16.154.254;
…
..
.
|———-^ Arquivo: /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf ——————————-|

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Cliente de DHCP ####

|==========^ Utilizando o Cliente DHCP (dhclient) ============================|

|##########^ Cliente de DHCP #################################################|

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# Referências:
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Site oficial do Apache:

http://www.apache.org/

Install and Configure Apache2 with PHP5 and SSL Support in Debian Etch:

http://www.debianadmin.com/install-and-configure-apache2-with-php5-and-ssl-support-in-debian-etch.html

Como configurar SSL para partes específicas do site:

http://www.gdhpress.com.br/servidores/leia/index.php?p=cap6-15

Usando um certificado reconhecido:

http://www.gdhpress.com.br/servidores/leia/index.php?p=cap6-14

http://www.cahilig.org/create-self-signed-ssl-certifcate-using-openssl-testing-purposes-debianubuntu

http://www.debuntu.org/how-to-create-a-self-signed-certificate

http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/284

DHCP do Windows:

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/315370

|##########^ Referências #####################################################|

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# Mais Coisas:
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