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Instalar e Configurar o Cacti
Criado por: Alessandro C. M. Kuramoto
Data: 16/07/2009
Modificado em: 16/07/2009-20:56
v.20090716-2056
Palavras-chaves: Cacti, CactiEZ
Keywords: Cacti, CentOS

If you want to know something about this file, send an e-mail to me at the
sancmk@gmail.com or post a comment here (at the Word Press)

moshi kono fairu no koto wo shiteitakatara, boku ni email wo okutte kudasai,
matawa kono Word Press ni chuushaku mo shitte ii desu.
boku no email wa sancmk@gmail.com desu

Por favor, matenham o nome do autor deste arquivo.
*******************************************************************************

###############################################################################
# Avisos!!!
###############################################################################

http://memovirtual.worpress.com

## Atenção no site memovirtual:
## As opções passadas com – - (menos,menos) no site podem ter ficado
## com um — (travessão), assim use o “man” para confirmar a opção utilizada

## Desculpem-me pelos erros de português, mas vocês sabem…
## nossa lingua é fácil … e às vezes ao escrever o pensamento está
## lá na frente, enquanto que a digitação…

|##########^ Avisos!!! #######################################################|

###############################################################################
# Temp:
###############################################################################

Ver: SambaShadowCopyHowto

http://www.wlug.org.nz/SambaShadowCopyHowto

VER:

http://focalinux.cipsga.org.br/guia/avancado/ch-s-samba.htm

|##########^ Temp ############################################################|

###############################################################################
# Servidor:
###############################################################################

SO: CentOS/CactiEZ
Servidor: Cacti
Serviço: Cacti

Instalação básica (modo texto).

RAM 256 MB

Swap           760 MB
/boot          100 MB
/                3 GB

|##########^ Servidor ########################################################|

###############################################################################
# Conceitos:
###############################################################################
>Conceitos

|##########^ Conceitos #######################################################|

###############################################################################
# Instalando:
###############################################################################
>Instalando

>Instalando o Cacti no CentOS 5.5
>Instalando o Cacti no Debian 5.0 (Lenny)

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Instalando ####
===============================================================================
Instalando o Cacti no CentOS 5.5:
===============================================================================

(Fonte: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/fedora-rhel-install-cacti-monitoring-rrd-software/)
|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Instalando #### ==== Instalando o Cacti no CentOS 5.5 ====
#### Requisitos:
# MySQL Server: para armazenar os dados do Cacti (Store cacti data(
# NET-SNMP server – SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a protocol used for network management
# PHP with net-snmp module – Access SNMP data using PHP
# Apache / lighttpd / ngnix webserver : Web server to display graphs created with PHP and RRDTOOL.
#

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Instalando #### ==== Instalando o Cacti no CentOS 5.5 ====
### httpd — servidor Web Apache
### mysql-server — para instalar o servidor de banco de dados MySQL
### mysql — para instalar o cliente do banco de dados MySQL
### php — suporte ao PHP
### php-mysql — para instalar o suporte do PHP ao MySQL
yum install mysql-server mysql php-mysql php-pear php-common php-gd php-devel php php-mbstring php-cli php-snmp php-pear-Net-SMTP httpd

|==========^ Instalando o Cacti no CentOS 5.5 ================================|

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Instalando ####
===============================================================================
Instalando o Cacti no Debian 5.0 (Lenny):
===============================================================================

|<<<<<< #### Instalando #### ==== Instalando o Cacti no Debian 5.0 (Lenny) ====
#### Requisitos:
# Apache / lighttpd / ngnix webserver : Web server to display graphs created with PHP and RRDTOOL.
# MySQL Server: para armazenar os dados do Cacti (Store cacti data)
# NET-SNMP server – SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a protocol used for network management
# PHP with net-snmp module – Access SNMP data using PHP
# SNMP – Simple Network Management Protocol
#
#

|<<<<<< #### Instalando #### ==== Instalando o Cacti no Debian 5.0 (Lenny) ====
### httpd — servidor Web Apache
### mysql-server — para instalar o servidor de banco de dados MySQL
### mysql — para instalar o cliente do banco de dados MySQL
### php — suporte ao PHP
### php-mysql — para instalar o suporte do PHP ao MySQL
apt-get install cacti

|==========^ Instalando o Cacti no Debian 5.0 (Lenny) ========================|

|##########^ Instalando ######################################################|

############################################################################### # Configurando:
###############################################################################

### Veja também:
# Configurando o Cacti no CentOS, abaixo.

————————————————
Usuário e senha inicial da console ou do SSH:

user: root
pass: CactiEZ
————————————————

————————————————
Usuário e senha inicial da interface Web:

http://ip_do_cacti

https://ip_do_cacti

User: admin
Pass: admin
————————————————

## Mudando o timezone:
# Fazer backup do original:
cp /etc/localtime /etc/localtime.default
# Copia o East para o localtime:
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Brazil/East /etc/localtime

## Acertando a hora:
date -s 21:42

Adicionar um dispositivo:

Management > Devices > Add:

Adiconar um usuário:

Utilities > User Management

|##########^ Configurando ####################################################|

############################################################################### # Configurando o Cacti no CentOS:
###############################################################################

(Fonte: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/fedora-rhel-install-cacti-monitoring-rrd-software/)
### Para colocar uma senha no banco do MySQL:
mysqladmin -u root password ‘NEWPASSWORD’

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####
### Para criar a base de dados do Cacti no MyQL: (Create cacti MySQL database)
mysql -u root -p -e ‘create database cacti’

### Criar um usuário chamado cacti com uma senha chamada “senha”:
## (Create a user called cacti with a password called “senha”)
mysql -u root -p

mysql> GRANT ALL ON cacti.* TO cacti@localhost IDENTIFIED BY ‘zYn95ph43zYtq’;
mysql> FLUSH privileges;
mysql> \q

### Instalar o SNMPD:
## (Install snmpd)
yum install net-snmp-utils php-snmp net-snmp-libs

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####
### Configure o SNMPD, adicione/midifique de acordo com a configuração abaixo:
## (Configure snmpd, open /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf, Append/modify it as follows)
vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
_______________________________________________________________________________
SO: CentOS 5.5
Arquivo: /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf (Permissões: -rw-r–r– 1 root root)
—————————————————————————-
.
..
…
com2sec local     localhost       public
…
…
group MyRWGroup v1      local
group MyRWGroup v2c     local
group MyRWGroup usm     local
…
…
view all    included .1                               80
…
access MyRWGroup “”      any       noauth    0      all    all    all
…
syslocation Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)
syscontact Root <root@localhost> (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)
…
# Added for support of bcm5820 cards.
pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.4413.4.1 /usr/bin/ucd5820stat
…
..
.
|———-^ /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf ——————————————–|

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####

### Reinicie o serviço do SNMPD:
## (Restart the snmpd service)
service snmpd restart

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####
### Coloque o serviço do SNPD para iniciar no boot:
## (Put the SNMPD to start at the boot)
chkconfig snmpd on

### Tenha certeza de que o SNMD está funcinando:
## (Make sure you are getting information from snmpd)
snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex

#—> Saída do comando:
IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.10.0.4.15 = INTEGER: 4
IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.10.161.0.60 = INTEGER: 2
IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.127.0.0.1 = INTEGER: 1
IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex.192.168.56.60 = INTEGER: 3
#—-^ Saída do comando: snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####
(http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/fedora-rhel-install-cacti-monitoring-rrd-software/)
(Fonte: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-fedora-centos-linux-enable-epel-repo/)
### Primeiro vamos adicionar o repositório EPEL (Extra Packages for
### Enterprise Linux) para instalar o Cacti:
rpm -Uvh http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-3.noarch.rpm

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####
### Para listar os repositórios todos repositórios configurados:
yum repolist

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####
### Instalando o Cacti:
yum install cacti

### Instalando as tabelas do Cacti:
## (Install cacti tables)
rpm -ql cacti | grep cacti.sql
mysql -u cacti -p cacti < /usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.7f/cacti.sql

##—> Digite a senha do usuário cacti

### Configure o arquivo /etc/cacti/db.php:
vim /etc/cacti/db.php
_______________________________________________________________________________
SO: CentOS 5.5
Arquivo: /etc/cacti/db.php (Permissões: -rw-r—– 1 cacti apache)
—————————————————————————-
.
..
…
/* make sure these values refect your actual database/host/user/password */
$database_type = “mysql”;
$database_default = “cacti”;
$database_hostname = “localhost”;
#>>>> Modificado:
#$database_username = “cactiuser”;
$database_username = “cacti”;
#>>>> Modificado:
#$database_password = “cactiuser”;
$database_password = “senha”;
$database_port = “3306″;
…
..
.

|———-^ /etc/cacti/db.php ———————————————–|

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####
### Configurando o Apache:
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf
_______________________________________________________________________________
SO: CentOS 5.5
Arquivo: /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf (Permissões: -rw-r—– 1 cacti apache)
——————————————————————————
#
# Cacti: An rrd based graphing tool
#
Alias /cacti /usr/share/cacti

<Directory /usr/share/cacti/>
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
#>>>> Modificado:
### Linha comentada e adicionado linha com novos parâmetros
# Allow from 127.0.0.1
Allow from 10.0.0.0/8 192.168.56.0/24
</Directory>

|———-^ /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf ————————————|

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####
### Configure o cron para o Cacti:
## Setup cacti cronjob
vim /etc/cron.d/cacti
_______________________________________________________________________________
SO: CentOS 5.5
Arquivo: /etc/cron.d/cacti (Permissões: -rw-r–r– 1 root root)
———————————————————————–

#>>>> Modificado
### Linha descomentada:
*/5 * * * * cacti /usr/bin/php /usr/share/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1

|———-^ /etc/cron.d/cacti ———————————————–|

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####
### Usando um navegador acesse. Troque <ip> pelo IP do seu servidor:

http://<ip>/cacti/

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ####
### Aparecerá a página “Cacti Installation Guide”, siga os passos da
### instalação.

### Se for uma nova instalação, selecione: New Install e confira os dados

### Verifique se todos os valores estão corretos e clique em Finish.

### Usuário inicial do Cacti: admin
### Senha inicial do Cacti: cacti

|##########^ Configurando o Cacti no CentOS ##################################|

###############################################################################
# Testes
###############################################################################

## Para testar a conexão SNMP:
snmpwalk -Os -c public -v 1 127.0.0.1 system
snmpwalk -Os -c public -v 1 localhost interface

snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex

|##########^ Testes ##########################################################|

###############################################################################
# Troubleshooting
###############################################################################
>Troubleshooting

To reset the admin password logon on the appliance console and run the following command lines:

* mysql cacti
* update user_auth set password(md5)=’admin’ where username=’admin’;

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Troubleshooting ####
——————————————————————————-
### Erros conhecidos: (Known Errors)
## Questão/ Problema: (Question/Issue)

Ao executar o comando “snmpwalk” não é mostrado nenhum resultado.

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Troubleshooting ####
## Sintomas: (Symptom)

Ao executar o comando abaixo não é mostrado nenhum resultado.

———————————————————
snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex
———————————————————

## Causa: (Cause)

Este problema pode ter vários motivos.

Um problema detectado foi o mesmo nome dado para a Community public,
que já existia na configuração.

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Troubleshooting ####
## Solução: (Solution)

No CentOS algumas linhas foram comentadas quando estava configurando o
Cactic conforme o site:

http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/fedora-rhel-install-cacti-monitoring-rrd-software/

Linhas comentadas no SNMPD do CentOS

—————————————————————–
Arquivo: /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

#>>>> Linha Comentada:
#com2sec notConfigUser default       public
…
…
#>>>> Linha Comentada:
#group   notConfigGroup v1           notConfigUser
…
…
#>>>> Linha Comentada:
#group   notConfigGroup v2c           notConfigUser
…
…
#>>>> Linha Comentada:
#access notConfigGroup “”      any       noauth    exact systemview none none

|—————————————————————|

|—————————————————————————–|

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Troubleshooting ####
——————————————————————————-
### Erros conhecidos: (Known Errors)
## Questão/ Problema: (Question/Issue)

Erro ao executar o comando:

—————————————————————–
mysql -u cacti -p cacti < /usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.7d/cacti.sql
—————————————————————–

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Troubleshooting ####
## Sintomas: (Symptom)

Erro ao executar o comando:

—————————————————————–
mysql -u cacti -p cacti < /usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.7d/cacti.sql
—————————————————————–

## Causa: (Cause)

O diretório /usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.7d/cacti.sql não foi encontrado.

|<<<<<<<<<<<<<< #### Troubleshooting ####
## Solução: (Solution)

Verifique o Cacti está instalado no CentOS e procure pelo caminho
correto do arquivo com o comando:

————————————————————-
Verificar se o pacote está instalado e encontrar o arquivo:

rpm -ql cacti | grep cacti.sql
————————————————————-

|—————————————————————————–|

|##########^ Troubleshooting #################################################|

###############################################################################
# Referências:
###############################################################################

Cacti Users:

http://cactiusers.org/index.php

Cacti/SNMP

Quick HOWTO : Ch22 : Monitoring Server Performance:

http://www.linuxhomenetworking.com/wiki/index.php/Quick_HOWTO_:_Ch22_:_Monitoring_Server_Performance

RedHat / CentOS Install and Configure Cacti Network Graphing Tool:

http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/fedora-rhel-install-cacti-monitoring-rrd-software/

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